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Stucco is a material used in building mixtures for interior and exterior applications. Stucco materials are typically composed of Portland cement, sand, and water; lime can also be added to give stucco flexibility or resistance to moisture damage. The material is applied as a thin coat over wall surfaces like brick, cinder block, mud brick, wood, etc.

​Stucco has been around for more than 4500 years with its origins traced back to the Mesopotamians. It was introduced into Europe by way of the Moors during their occupation of Mediterranean countries. Stucco is still widely used today on both residential and commercial buildings where it provides protection against weather conditions including rain, hail, high winds pelting rain drops, and low temperatures. Stucco provides insulation, noise reduction, decreases dust penetration into buildings, and aids in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Today stucco is made with Portland cement but historically it was composed of lime mortar.

Stucco is typically applied during the construction process of residential homes, but can also be applied to existing structures as long as all surfaces are clean and free of any dirt or grime that would prevent adhesive contact between the material and surface of the wall. Once the walls are adequately prepped, standard stucco siding procedures are followed which consist of creating a horizontal base coat composed of coarse sand and a fiberglass mesh wire. The stucco material or scratch coat is then applied on top of the base coat and allowed to dry before being sanded smooth.